Fillings treat caries by removing decayed tissue and sealing the cavity with biocompatible material. Modern composites bond chemically to enamel and dentin, reinforcing tooth structure.

Types of Fillings

1) Composite (Tooth-Colored) Fillings:

• Pros: Aesthetic match, bonds to tooth, minimal preparation.
• Cons: Technique-sensitive placement, slightly higher cost.

2) Amalgam Fillings:

• Pros: Durable for molars, cost-effective.
• Cons: Visible silver color, mercury content concerns.

3) Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC):

• Pros: Releases fluoride, useful for non-load-bearing areas.
• Cons: Lower strength, less wear-resistant.

Indications

• Class I–V cavities due to decay or old filling replacement.
• Minor fracture repair.
• Restoration of tooth form and occlusion.